Charge controller or charge controller are devices that regulate the voltage and current coming from solar panels. It tries to prevent deterioration or damage to the battery that helps to store energy.

You must add a charge controller to your solar energy system for safety purposes. The voltage from the solar energy system varies depending on the weather during the day. Solar panels produce energy with more voltage than needed, and sending this excess current to the batteries may shorten the life of the battery, as well as create a risk of fire or explosion. With a regulator to be connected between the solar panel and the battery, it is ensured that the battery is constantly supplied with constant voltage and the charging current is cut off when it reaches sufficient charge.

Charge Regulators are divided into two as PWM and MPPT .

PWM Charge Controller

Its abbreviation is PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), "pulse width modulation". It is the most widely used regulator type in Solar energy systems due to its economic nature. Instead of constantly sending a constant output current to the battery, it charges by sending short filling pulses. The length of the pulses and the transmission interval are the fullness of the battery. While the pulses sent to an empty battery are long and continuous, as the amount of charge increases, the pulses begin to be sent short and intermittently.

MPPT Charge Controller

It stands for MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracker). Moreover, since the current increases and overvoltage can turn into current, the batteries are charged in a much shorter time, increasing the efficiency of the system.